8th graders derive the equation y = mx + b using similar triangles, then graph and interpret linear equations in context. Students learn how slope (m) and intercept (b) shape a line’s graph, explain constant rate of change, and distinguish linear from nonlinear functions.

8th graders derive and graph linear equations in slope–intercept form (y = mx + b) using similar triangles, interpreting slope (m) as rate of change and intercept (b) as starting value. Students connect equations to real-world contexts and distinguish linear from nonlinear relationships.

8th graders explore slope as a constant rate of change, finding it from graphs, tables, and equations while connecting unit rate to steepness and meaning in context. Students explain constancy using similar triangles and write linear equations in the form y = mx + b.

8th graders review ratios, rates, and proportional relationships by modeling with y = kx and interpreting slope as the unit rate. Students compare tables, graphs, and equations, decide when relationships are proportional, and explain how rate connects to steepness and real-world meaning.

8th graders learn to multiply, divide, add, and subtract numbers in scientific notation, normalize results, and interpret outcomes with correct units and scale. This weeklong math unit builds precision, fluency, and real-world understanding of large and small quantities.

8th graders learn to write, convert, and compare numbers in scientific notation to model extremely large or small quantities. Through real-world contexts, they use powers of 10 to express magnitude, estimate, and explain “how many times as much” with precision and clarity.

8th graders master the laws of integer exponents by rewriting and comparing expressions with positive, zero, and negative powers. This weeklong math unit builds structural reasoning, precision in notation, and confidence applying exponent properties to simplify expressions.

8th graders build fluency with square and cube roots by estimating irrational values, comparing magnitudes, and solving equations like x² = p and x³ = p. Students connect roots to area and volume, using bounds and precision to reason about real-world measurements.

8th graders explore rational and irrational numbers, convert repeating decimals to fractions, and approximate irrationals like √2 and π with bounds on the number line. This weeklong math unit builds precision, reasoning, and fluency within the real number system.